Although trained as a geochemist, James has been extensively involved in closure and rehabilitation planning for a variety of commodities and has been involved in projects throughout Africa. The types of projects with which James has been involved cross almost the entire mine life cycle. This has required James to provide closure related input during the planning process, input to operational mines developing conceptual closure plans, and input to mines nearing the end of Life of Mine. James' training as a geochemist has allowed him to integrate geochemical understanding in closure planning, where closure strategies can be identified to limit potential impacts associated with the management of contact water during and after closure. James has also been involved in environmental auditing for a variety of purposes, which includes auditing against in-country and operation specific requirements as well as the Equator Principles and associated Performance Standards. This auditing has been undertaken in a variety of sectors including gold, coal, diamonds, copper and cobalt and other base metals, mineral sands, and platinum.
